Construction Loan Guide

Everything you need to know about construction financing

What is a Construction Loan?

A construction loan is a short-term financing option designed specifically for building new homes or major renovations. Unlike traditional mortgages, construction loans provide funds in stages as your project progresses, and you typically pay only interest during the construction phase.

These loans usually have terms of 6-18 months and convert to permanent mortgages once construction is complete.

Types of Construction Loans

Construction-to-Permanent

Single closing process where the construction loan automatically converts to a permanent mortgage. This option locks in your interest rate and saves on closing costs.

Construction-Only

Separate loans for construction and permanent financing. Requires two closings but offers flexibility to shop for permanent financing after construction.

Application Process

1

Pre-Approval

Get pre-approved to understand your budget and strengthen your position with contractors.

2

Choose a Contractor

Select a licensed, insured contractor with a good reputation and detailed construction plan.

3

Submit Documentation

Provide construction plans, permits, budget, and financial documentation to your lender.

4

Appraisal & Approval

Lender orders appraisal and reviews all documentation before final approval.

5

Construction Begins

Funds are disbursed in stages as construction milestones are completed and inspected.

Requirements & Qualifications

Financial Requirements

  • • Down payment: 20-30% of total project cost
  • • Credit score: 680+ (some lenders require 720+)
  • • Debt-to-income ratio: Under 43%
  • • Cash reserves: 3-6 months of payments
  • • Stable employment history

Documentation Needed

  • • Detailed construction plans and specifications
  • • Building permits and approvals
  • • Construction contract and timeline
  • • Cost breakdown and budget
  • • Contractor licensing and insurance

Tips for Success

Financial Planning

  • • Budget for 10-20% cost overruns
  • • Lock in interest rates when possible
  • • Have cash reserves for unexpected expenses
  • • Consider seasonal construction costs

Project Management

  • • Choose experienced, licensed contractors
  • • Get detailed contracts and timelines
  • • Regular inspections and progress monitoring
  • • Maintain open communication with lender

Advanced Construction Financing Strategies

Managing Construction Costs and Overruns

Construction cost overruns are common, affecting 60-80% of projects. Successful builders implement contingency planning, regular budget reviews, and clear change order processes. Consider value engineering during planning to optimize costs without sacrificing quality. Track expenses weekly and maintain open communication with contractors about potential cost increases before they occur.

Interest Rate Risk Management

Construction loans often have variable rates during the building phase, exposing borrowers to interest rate risk. Rate lock agreements can provide protection, but they typically last 6-12 months and may require extension fees for longer projects. Consider the trade-offs between construction-to-permanent loans (single closing, rate protection) versus construction-only loans (flexibility to refinance, potential rate savings).

Working with Contractors and Subcontractors

Your lender will carefully evaluate your contractor's qualifications, including licensing, insurance, bonding, and financial stability. Experienced contractors familiar with construction loan processes can streamline draw approvals and inspections. Ensure your contractor understands lender requirements for documentation, progress reporting, and change order procedures. Consider contractors who have previous relationships with your lender.

💡 Ready to Get Started?

Construction loans can be complex, and every situation is unique. Use our tools and resources to plan your project and get accurate estimates before speaking with lenders.

Professional Resources and Regulatory Information

Official Government and Industry Resources

For comprehensive information about construction financing regulations, consumer rights, and industry standards, these authoritative sources provide valuable guidance: